The five key components of a perfect surface are :
1. Backing
2. Base coat
3. Abrasive grit
4. Size coat
5. An additional coatingBacking
The first of these components is the backing. Paper, cloth, plastic films, vulcanised fibre, foam or a combination of paper and cloth are used as backing for coated abrasives. The backing gives the abrasive very specific grip and adhesion, stretch, tear resistance, tensile strength, flexibility and stability properties.
Base coat
We use only environmentally-friendly, water-soluble binder systems. We mainly use phenol and urea resins, which, depending on application, are flexibilised using different dispersions such as synthetic resins or hide glue. These systems enable us to manufacture very hard, high-performance abrasives on the one hand, as well as highly flexible finishing products on the other.
The base coat is used to prefix the abrasive grits in the required position and distribution on the backing material. Softer, more elastic or harder, tougher binder resins are used depending on the application of the abrasive. The hardness of the bonding agent affects the aggressiveness and the lifetime of the abrasive.
Abrasive grit
The most common materials used for the production of abrasive grits are aluminium oxide and silicon carbide in their various forms. Minerals such as zirconia alumina, ceramic aluminium oxide and diamond are also used. The hardness and resilience of the abrasive grits determine the properties and the applications of the abrasive. An abrasive coating can be open or closed depending on grit size and grit quantity.
The key minerals are summarised below:
White aluminium oxide:For paint and filler
Application:Sharpness, but easy to be broken
Products:Drywall sanding disc Y369
Semi-friable aluminium oxide:for metal, paint and wood
Application:Sharpness and Durability
Products:Gold sanding disc Y339 
Silicon carbide: for stone, particle board, glass, hard wood and paint
Application:Self sharpness
Products:Waterproof sand paper Size coat
The size coat permanently bonds the abrasive grits to each other and to the backing material.Softer, more elastic or harder, tougher binder resins are used depending on the application of the abrasive. The hardness of the bonding agent affects the aggressiveness and the lifetime of the abrasive.
Additional coating
The final step involves applying additional materials to complete the abrasive structure. This extends the lifetime of the abrasive or (if an active cooling agent is added) prevents glazing of the grit tips.Stearate, for example, minimises the clogging tendency of the abrasive. Coolants prevent glazing of the grit tips.
Brown aluminium oxide:
Heated aluminum oxide:
Zirconia alumina:
